Параметры
string
обязательно
Транзакция для симуляции в виде строки в кодировке base-64
object
Объект конфигурации, содержащий:
boolean
Если true, проверить подписи транзакции
string
Уровень подтверждения (processed, confirmed, finalized)
string
Формат кодирования транзакции (base58, base64, json)
boolean
Если true, заменить недавний blockhash транзакции наиболее актуальным blockhash
object
number
Минимальный слот, при котором может быть оценён запрос
Ответ
object
Объект, содержащий:
string | null
Ошибка, если симуляция транзакции не удалась, null если симуляция прошла успешно
array
Массив сообщений журнала, выводимых инструкциями транзакции во время выполнения
array
Массив счетов с их данными (если запрошено)
number
Количество вычислительных единиц, потреблённых транзакцией
object
Возвращаемые данные программы из симуляции
Примеры кода
Базовый запрос
curl https://fra.rpc.orbitflare.com?api_key=YOUR-API-KEY -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 1,
"method": "simulateTransaction",
"params": [
"4hXTCkRzt9WyecNzV1XPgCDfGAZzQKNxLXgynz5QDuWWPSAZBZSHptvWRL3BjCvzUXRdKvHL2b7yGrRQcWyaqsaBCncVG7BFggS8w9snUts67BSh3EqKpXLUm5UMHfD7ZBe9GhARjbNQMLJ1QD3Spr6oMTFNhyKNMr3WNFCrXgDS7uV7u",
{
"sigVerify": false,
"commitment": "confirmed",
"encoding": "base64"
}
]
}'
Использование web3.js
import { Connection, Transaction, PublicKey, SystemProgram } from '@solana/web3.js';
const connection = new Connection('https://fra.rpc.orbitflare.com?api_key=YOUR-API-KEY');
// Create and simulate transaction
const transaction = new Transaction().add(
SystemProgram.transfer({
fromPubkey: new PublicKey('83astBRguLMdt2h5U1Tpdq5tjFoJ6noeGwaY3mDLVcri'),
toPubkey: new PublicKey('J7rBdM6AecPDEZp8aPq5tPmsPzPhQG4HD6YtAcQBDfJj'),
lamports: 1000000000
})
);
const simulation = await connection.simulateTransaction(transaction);
console.log('Simulation result:', simulation);
// Simulate transaction with analysis
async function simulateTransactionWithAnalysis(
transaction: Transaction,
config: {
sigVerify?: boolean;
commitment?: string;
replaceRecentBlockhash?: boolean;
}
) {
const simulation = await connection.simulateTransaction(transaction, config);
return {
simulation: {
success: !simulation.value.err,
error: simulation.value.err,
logs: simulation.value.logs,
unitsConsumed: simulation.value.unitsConsumed
},
transaction: {
recentBlockhash: transaction.recentBlockhash,
feePayer: transaction.feePayer?.toBase58(),
instructions: transaction.instructions.length
},
metadata: {
timestamp: Date.now(),
commitment: config.commitment
}
};
}
Примечания
- Симулирует отправку транзакции без фактической её отправки
- Ответ содержит журналы выполнения и ошибки
- Симуляция выполняется на текущем состоянии
- Изменения состояния не сохраняются
- Полезно для тестирования и отладки транзакций
Рекомендации
- Используйте симуляцию перед отправкой реальных транзакций
- Проверяйте потребление вычислительных единиц
- Анализируйте журналы программы на предмет ошибок
- Проверяйте состояния счетов после симуляции
- Обрабатывайте ошибки симуляции должным образом
Распространённые ошибки
| Код | Сообщение | Решение |
|---|---|---|
| -32601 | Method not found | Убедитесь, что вы подключены к узлу Solana RPC |
| -32602 | Invalid params | Проверьте формат транзакции и кодирование |
| -32003 | Transaction simulation failed | Проверьте корректность транзакции и балансы счетов |
| -32004 | Blockhash not found | Используйте более актуальный blockhash |
| -32005 | Node is behind | Попробуйте другой узел RPC |
Сценарии использования
-
Анализ транзакций
interface TransactionAnalysis { transaction: { instructions: number; signers: number; estimatedUnits: number; }; simulation: { success: boolean; error: string | null; logs: string[]; unitsConsumed: number; }; analysis: { programInvocations: number; accountAccesses: number; errorAnalysis?: string; }; metadata: { timestamp: number; commitment?: string; }; } class TransactionAnalyzer { async analyzeTransaction( transaction: Transaction, config: { sigVerify?: boolean; commitment?: string; } ): Promise<TransactionAnalysis> { const simulation = await connection.simulateTransaction(transaction, config); const logs = simulation.value.logs || []; const programInvocations = logs.filter(log => log.includes('Program') && log.includes('invoke') ).length; const accountAccesses = logs.filter(log => log.includes('Account') || log.includes('Token') ).length; let errorAnalysis; if (simulation.value.err) { errorAnalysis = this.analyzeError(simulation.value.err); } return { transaction: { instructions: transaction.instructions.length, signers: transaction.signatures.length, estimatedUnits: simulation.value.unitsConsumed || 0 }, simulation: { success: !simulation.value.err, error: simulation.value.err, logs, unitsConsumed: simulation.value.unitsConsumed || 0 }, analysis: { programInvocations, accountAccesses, errorAnalysis }, metadata: { timestamp: Date.now(), commitment: config.commitment } }; } private analyzeError(error: any): string { if (typeof error === 'string') { if (error.includes('insufficient funds')) { return 'Transaction failed due to insufficient funds'; } if (error.includes('invalid account owner')) { return 'Transaction failed due to invalid account ownership'; } if (error.includes('account not found')) { return 'Transaction failed due to missing account'; } } return 'Unknown error occurred during simulation'; } } -
Валидация транзакций
interface TransactionValidation { transaction: { signature: string; blockhash: string; feePayer: string; }; checks: Array<{ name: string; passed: boolean; details?: string; }>; recommendations: Array<{ type: 'fix' | 'warning' | 'info'; message: string; }>; metadata: { timestamp: number; }; } class TransactionValidator { private readonly maxUnits = 200000; private readonly minAccountRent = 890880; async validateTransaction( transaction: Transaction, config: { sigVerify?: boolean; commitment?: string; } ): Promise<TransactionValidation> { const simulation = await connection.simulateTransaction(transaction, config); const checks: Array<{ name: string; passed: boolean; details?: string; }> = []; const recommendations: Array<{ type: 'fix' | 'warning' | 'info'; message: string; }> = []; // Check compute units const unitsConsumed = simulation.value.unitsConsumed || 0; checks.push({ name: 'Compute Units', passed: unitsConsumed <= this.maxUnits, details: `${unitsConsumed} units consumed` }); if (unitsConsumed > this.maxUnits) { recommendations.push({ type: 'fix', message: 'Transaction exceeds compute unit limit' }); } // Check for errors checks.push({ name: 'Simulation', passed: !simulation.value.err, details: simulation.value.err?.toString() }); if (simulation.value.err) { recommendations.push({ type: 'fix', message: `Fix simulation error: ${simulation.value.err}` }); } // Analyze logs const logs = simulation.value.logs || []; checks.push({ name: 'Program Execution', passed: logs.some(log => log.includes('Program log:')), details: 'Program execution logs present' }); // Check account rent const rentWarnings = logs.filter(log => log.includes('insufficient lamports for rent') ); if (rentWarnings.length > 0) { checks.push({ name: 'Account Rent', passed: false, details: 'Insufficient lamports for rent' }); recommendations.push({ type: 'fix', message: `Ensure accounts have minimum rent: ${this.minAccountRent} lamports` }); } return { transaction: { signature: transaction.signatures[0]?.signature?.toString() || '', blockhash: transaction.recentBlockhash || '', feePayer: transaction.feePayer?.toBase58() || '' }, checks, recommendations, metadata: { timestamp: Date.now() } }; } } -
Оптимизация транзакций
interface TransactionOptimization { original: { instructions: number; unitsConsumed: number; }; optimized: { instructions: number; unitsConsumed: number; savings: number; }; changes: Array<{ type: 'merge' | 'remove' | 'reorder'; description: string; impact: number; }>; metadata: { timestamp: number; }; } class TransactionOptimizer { async optimizeTransaction( transaction: Transaction ): Promise<TransactionOptimization> { // Simulate original transaction const originalSimulation = await connection.simulateTransaction(transaction); const originalUnits = originalSimulation.value.unitsConsumed || 0; const changes: Array<{ type: 'merge' | 'remove' | 'reorder'; description: string; impact: number; }> = []; // Create optimized transaction const optimizedTransaction = new Transaction(); const instructions = [...transaction.instructions]; // Analyze and merge similar instructions const mergedInstructions = this.mergeInstructions(instructions); if (mergedInstructions.length < instructions.length) { changes.push({ type: 'merge', description: `Merged ${instructions.length - mergedInstructions.length} similar instructions`, impact: 0 // Will be updated after simulation }); } // Remove redundant instructions const cleanedInstructions = this.removeRedundantInstructions(mergedInstructions); if (cleanedInstructions.length < mergedInstructions.length) { changes.push({ type: 'remove', description: `Removed ${mergedInstructions.length - cleanedInstructions.length} redundant instructions`, impact: 0 }); } // Reorder instructions for optimal execution const orderedInstructions = this.reorderInstructions(cleanedInstructions); changes.push({ type: 'reorder', description: 'Reordered instructions for optimal execution', impact: 0 }); // Add optimized instructions orderedInstructions.forEach(instruction => { optimizedTransaction.add(instruction); }); // Simulate optimized transaction const optimizedSimulation = await connection.simulateTransaction(optimizedTransaction); const optimizedUnits = optimizedSimulation.value.unitsConsumed || 0; // Calculate impacts const totalSavings = originalUnits - optimizedUnits; changes.forEach(change => { change.impact = Math.floor(totalSavings / changes.length); }); return { original: { instructions: instructions.length, unitsConsumed: originalUnits }, optimized: { instructions: orderedInstructions.length, unitsConsumed: optimizedUnits, savings: totalSavings }, changes, metadata: { timestamp: Date.now() } }; } private mergeInstructions( instructions: Array<any> ): Array<any> { // Implementation would analyze and merge similar instructions // This is a placeholder that returns the original instructions return instructions; } private removeRedundantInstructions( instructions: Array<any> ): Array<any> { // Implementation would identify and remove redundant instructions // This is a placeholder that returns the original instructions return instructions; } private reorderInstructions( instructions: Array<any> ): Array<any> { // Implementation would reorder instructions for optimal execution // This is a placeholder that returns the original instructions return instructions; } }