simulateTransaction

参数

transaction

string

必填

要模拟的交易，以 base-64 编码的字符串表示

config

object

包含以下内容的配置对象：

sigVerify

boolean

如果为 true，验证交易签名

commitment

string

Commitment 级别（processed、confirmed、finalized）

encoding

string

交易的编码格式（base58、base64、json）

replaceRecentBlockhash

boolean

如果为 true，将交易的近期 blockhash 替换为最新的 blockhash

accounts

object

账户配置对象，包含：

encoding

string

账户数据的编码格式（base58、base64、json）

addresses

array

要返回数据的账户地址数组

minContextSlot

number

请求可被评估的最小 slot

响应

result

object

包含以下内容的对象：

err

string | null

如果交易模拟失败则为错误信息，成功则为 null

logs

array

交易指令在执行期间输出的日志消息数组

accounts

array

带有数据的账户数组（如果已请求）

unitsConsumed

number

交易消耗的计算单元数量

returnData

object

模拟的程序返回数据

代码示例

基本请求

curl https://fra.rpc.orbitflare.com?api_key=YOUR-API-KEY -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "id": 1,
  "method": "simulateTransaction",
  "params": [
    "4hXTCkRzt9WyecNzV1XPgCDfGAZzQKNxLXgynz5QDuWWPSAZBZSHptvWRL3BjCvzUXRdKvHL2b7yGrRQcWyaqsaBCncVG7BFggS8w9snUts67BSh3EqKpXLUm5UMHfD7ZBe9GhARjbNQMLJ1QD3Spr6oMTFNhyKNMr3WNFCrXgDS7uV7u",
    {
      "sigVerify": false,
      "commitment": "confirmed",
      "encoding": "base64"
    }
  ]
}'

使用 web3.js

import { Connection, Transaction, PublicKey, SystemProgram } from '@solana/web3.js';

const connection = new Connection('https://fra.rpc.orbitflare.com?api_key=YOUR-API-KEY');

// Create and simulate transaction
const transaction = new Transaction().add(
  SystemProgram.transfer({
    fromPubkey: new PublicKey('83astBRguLMdt2h5U1Tpdq5tjFoJ6noeGwaY3mDLVcri'),
    toPubkey: new PublicKey('J7rBdM6AecPDEZp8aPq5tPmsPzPhQG4HD6YtAcQBDfJj'),
    lamports: 1000000000
  })
);

const simulation = await connection.simulateTransaction(transaction);
console.log('Simulation result:', simulation);

// Simulate transaction with analysis
async function simulateTransactionWithAnalysis(
  transaction: Transaction,
  config: { 
    sigVerify?: boolean;
    commitment?: string;
    replaceRecentBlockhash?: boolean;
  }
) {
  const simulation = await connection.simulateTransaction(transaction, config);
  
  return {
    simulation: {
      success: !simulation.value.err,
      error: simulation.value.err,
      logs: simulation.value.logs,
      unitsConsumed: simulation.value.unitsConsumed
    },
    transaction: {
      recentBlockhash: transaction.recentBlockhash,
      feePayer: transaction.feePayer?.toBase58(),
      instructions: transaction.instructions.length
    },
    metadata: {
      timestamp: Date.now(),
      commitment: config.commitment
    }
  };
}

注意事项

模拟发送交易但不实际发送
响应包含执行日志和错误信息
模拟在当前状态上执行
不会持久化任何状态变化
对于测试和调试交易非常有用

最佳实践

在发送真实交易之前使用模拟
检查计算单元消耗
分析程序日志中的错误
模拟后验证账户状态
适当处理模拟错误

常见错误

错误码	消息	解决方案
-32601	Method not found	验证是否连接到 Solana RPC 节点
-32602	Invalid params	检查交易格式和编码
-32003	Transaction simulation failed	验证交易有效性和账户余额
-32004	Blockhash not found	使用更近期的 blockhash
-32005	Node is behind	尝试其他 RPC 节点

用例

交易分析

interface TransactionAnalysis {
  transaction: {
    instructions: number;
    signers: number;
    estimatedUnits: number;
  };
  simulation: {
    success: boolean;
    error: string | null;
    logs: string[];
    unitsConsumed: number;
  };
  analysis: {
    programInvocations: number;
    accountAccesses: number;
    errorAnalysis?: string;
  };
  metadata: {
    timestamp: number;
    commitment?: string;
  };
}

class TransactionAnalyzer {
  async analyzeTransaction(
    transaction: Transaction,
    config: { 
      sigVerify?: boolean;
      commitment?: string;
    }
  ): Promise<TransactionAnalysis> {
    const simulation = await connection.simulateTransaction(transaction, config);
    
    const logs = simulation.value.logs || [];
    const programInvocations = logs.filter(log => 
      log.includes('Program') && log.includes('invoke')
    ).length;
    
    const accountAccesses = logs.filter(log =>
      log.includes('Account') || log.includes('Token')
    ).length;
    
    let errorAnalysis;
    if (simulation.value.err) {
      errorAnalysis = this.analyzeError(simulation.value.err);
    }
    
    return {
      transaction: {
        instructions: transaction.instructions.length,
        signers: transaction.signatures.length,
        estimatedUnits: simulation.value.unitsConsumed || 0
      },
      simulation: {
        success: !simulation.value.err,
        error: simulation.value.err,
        logs,
        unitsConsumed: simulation.value.unitsConsumed || 0
      },
      analysis: {
        programInvocations,
        accountAccesses,
        errorAnalysis
      },
      metadata: {
        timestamp: Date.now(),
        commitment: config.commitment
      }
    };
  }
  
  private analyzeError(error: any): string {
    if (typeof error === 'string') {
      if (error.includes('insufficient funds')) {
        return 'Transaction failed due to insufficient funds';
      }
      if (error.includes('invalid account owner')) {
        return 'Transaction failed due to invalid account ownership';
      }
      if (error.includes('account not found')) {
        return 'Transaction failed due to missing account';
      }
    }
    return 'Unknown error occurred during simulation';
  }
}

交易验证

interface TransactionValidation {
  transaction: {
    signature: string;
    blockhash: string;
    feePayer: string;
  };
  checks: Array<{
    name: string;
    passed: boolean;
    details?: string;
  }>;
  recommendations: Array<{
    type: 'fix' | 'warning' | 'info';
    message: string;
  }>;
  metadata: {
    timestamp: number;
  };
}

class TransactionValidator {
  private readonly maxUnits = 200000;
  private readonly minAccountRent = 890880;
  
  async validateTransaction(
    transaction: Transaction,
    config: { 
      sigVerify?: boolean;
      commitment?: string;
    }
  ): Promise<TransactionValidation> {
    const simulation = await connection.simulateTransaction(transaction, config);
    
    const checks: Array<{
      name: string;
      passed: boolean;
      details?: string;
    }> = [];
    
    const recommendations: Array<{
      type: 'fix' | 'warning' | 'info';
      message: string;
    }> = [];
    
    const unitsConsumed = simulation.value.unitsConsumed || 0;
    checks.push({
      name: 'Compute Units',
      passed: unitsConsumed <= this.maxUnits,
      details: `${unitsConsumed} units consumed`
    });
    
    if (unitsConsumed > this.maxUnits) {
      recommendations.push({
        type: 'fix',
        message: 'Transaction exceeds compute unit limit'
      });
    }
    
    checks.push({
      name: 'Simulation',
      passed: !simulation.value.err,
      details: simulation.value.err?.toString()
    });
    
    if (simulation.value.err) {
      recommendations.push({
        type: 'fix',
        message: `Fix simulation error: ${simulation.value.err}`
      });
    }
    
    const logs = simulation.value.logs || [];
    checks.push({
      name: 'Program Execution',
      passed: logs.some(log => log.includes('Program log:')),
      details: 'Program execution logs present'
    });
    
    const rentWarnings = logs.filter(log => 
      log.includes('insufficient lamports for rent')
    );
    
    if (rentWarnings.length > 0) {
      checks.push({
        name: 'Account Rent',
        passed: false,
        details: 'Insufficient lamports for rent'
      });
      
      recommendations.push({
        type: 'fix',
        message: `Ensure accounts have minimum rent: ${this.minAccountRent} lamports`
      });
    }
    
    return {
      transaction: {
        signature: transaction.signatures[0]?.signature?.toString() || '',
        blockhash: transaction.recentBlockhash || '',
        feePayer: transaction.feePayer?.toBase58() || ''
      },
      checks,
      recommendations,
      metadata: {
        timestamp: Date.now()
      }
    };
  }
}

交易优化

interface TransactionOptimization {
  original: {
    instructions: number;
    unitsConsumed: number;
  };
  optimized: {
    instructions: number;
    unitsConsumed: number;
    savings: number;
  };
  changes: Array<{
    type: 'merge' | 'remove' | 'reorder';
    description: string;
    impact: number;
  }>;
  metadata: {
    timestamp: number;
  };
}

class TransactionOptimizer {
  async optimizeTransaction(
    transaction: Transaction
  ): Promise<TransactionOptimization> {
    const originalSimulation = await connection.simulateTransaction(transaction);
    const originalUnits = originalSimulation.value.unitsConsumed || 0;
    
    const changes: Array<{
      type: 'merge' | 'remove' | 'reorder';
      description: string;
      impact: number;
    }> = [];
    
    const optimizedTransaction = new Transaction();
    const instructions = [...transaction.instructions];
    
    const mergedInstructions = this.mergeInstructions(instructions);
    if (mergedInstructions.length < instructions.length) {
      changes.push({
        type: 'merge',
        description: `Merged ${instructions.length - mergedInstructions.length} similar instructions`,
        impact: 0
      });
    }
    
    const cleanedInstructions = this.removeRedundantInstructions(mergedInstructions);
    if (cleanedInstructions.length < mergedInstructions.length) {
      changes.push({
        type: 'remove',
        description: `Removed ${mergedInstructions.length - cleanedInstructions.length} redundant instructions`,
        impact: 0
      });
    }
    
    const orderedInstructions = this.reorderInstructions(cleanedInstructions);
    changes.push({
      type: 'reorder',
      description: 'Reordered instructions for optimal execution',
      impact: 0
    });
    
    orderedInstructions.forEach(instruction => {
      optimizedTransaction.add(instruction);
    });
    
    const optimizedSimulation = await connection.simulateTransaction(optimizedTransaction);
    const optimizedUnits = optimizedSimulation.value.unitsConsumed || 0;
    
    const totalSavings = originalUnits - optimizedUnits;
    changes.forEach(change => {
      change.impact = Math.floor(totalSavings / changes.length);
    });
    
    return {
      original: {
        instructions: instructions.length,
        unitsConsumed: originalUnits
      },
      optimized: {
        instructions: orderedInstructions.length,
        unitsConsumed: optimizedUnits,
        savings: totalSavings
      },
      changes,
      metadata: {
        timestamp: Date.now()
      }
    };
  }
  
  private mergeInstructions(instructions: Array<any>): Array<any> {
    return instructions;
  }
  
  private removeRedundantInstructions(instructions: Array<any>): Array<any> {
    return instructions;
  }
  
  private reorderInstructions(instructions: Array<any>): Array<any> {
    return instructions;
  }
}

开始使用

产品

解决方案

数据获取

RPC

数据流

交易 API

参数

响应

代码示例

基本请求

使用 web3.js

注意事项

最佳实践

常见错误

用例

开始使用

产品

解决方案

数据获取

RPC

数据流

交易 API

​参数

​响应

​代码示例

​基本请求

​使用 web3.js

​注意事项

​最佳实践

​常见错误

​用例

参数

响应

代码示例

基本请求

使用 web3.js

注意事项

最佳实践

常见错误

用例